The purposes of this research were as follows: (1) to study social conflict resolution, (2) to study the principle of moderation in Buddhism, (3) to integrate social conflict resolution with the principle of moderation in Buddhism, and (4) to propose the guideline and body of knowledge on the model of social conflict resolution integrated with the principle of moderation. This research is a documentary qualitative research. The main data were based on the primary and secondary sources from the original Buddhist Texts (Tipitaka), and all the data were classified into system and presented in descriptive method. In-depth interview with 10 experts was also applied in this research. The results of this research were found that: 1. In moderation (mattaññutā), conflict comes from economic, politic and ideology aimed at ridding greed (Lobha), hatred (Dosa) and delusion (Moha). Regarding the concept of social conflict and resolution in moderation (mattaññutā), the kusala-kammapatha emphasizes internal and external conflict resolution with reference to all kinds of actions by positive side through bodily (kāya), verbal, (vācā), and mental (mano) actions into the person, family, society and government. 2. The focal point of the moderation principle (mattaññutā) towards social conflict resolution considered through the fundamental level of principle, the ethics of middle level and the ethics of the higher level of principle which are synthesized as the theory of conflict resolution in moderation (mattaññutā). It shows that whenever one practices in accordance with the rule of right actions under the morality (Sīla), developing a quality of mind (Samādhi) and the knowledge or wisdom (Paññā) with the right moderation (mattaññutā). With this regards, resolving social conflict with the principle of moderation (mattaññutā) is to abolish ignorance and know the conflict resolution method leading by internal and external process into the both formal and informal process. This is the distinctive study of Buddhist principle moderation for social conflict resolution. 3. The integration of social conflict resolution with the principle of moderation developed with the methods of research and mechanism tools and studied of social conflict resolution from the Buddhist perspective highly presented by train and tame one’s behavior under the rules of laws, regulations, morality and social norm. Integration of social conflict resolution with the co-conference, co-operation, co-responsibility, co-investigation, co-carefulness, co-earnestness, co-thinking and co-understanding, have a friendship, help, suggestion, adjustment, forewarning, neutrality, justice, creative thinking and knowledge-building as the approach strategy, including speaking and action in the right way, non-selfishness, protection the mistakes, heedfulness, good spirit, meditation, non-attachment, forgiveness and causality as the protect strategy. This is the method of social conflict resolution adopted the analysis approach through integration with the principle of moderation and to apply suitable way that fosters the social awareness. 4. The result of integration of the guideline and body of knowledge on the model of social conflict resolution with the principle of moderation is called, “CRSA”. The role model of moderation (mattaññutā) for social conflict resolution was developed by the integrated moral principles, dhamma, regulations and laws with holding moral consciousness perfectly as well as cultivation inner and outer peace emphasizing good conduct in deeds, speeches and thoughts. This is the body of knowledge on the model of social conflict resolution integrated with the principle of moderation (mattaññutā) of CRSA; C = Controlling self/personal, R = Responding family, S = Sharing society and A = Adjusting government.
The purposes of this research were as follows: (1) to study social conflict resolution, (2) to study the principle of moderation in Buddhism, (3) to integrate social conflict resolution with the principle of moderation in Buddhism, and (4) to propose the guideline and body of knowledge on the model of social conflict resolution integrated with the principle of moderation. This research is a documentary qualitative research. The main data were based on the primary and secondary sources from the original Buddhist Texts (Tipitaka), and all the data were classified into system and presented in descriptive method. In-depth interview with 10 experts was also applied in this research. The results of this research were found that: 1. In moderation (mattaññutā), conflict comes from economic, politic and ideology aimed at ridding greed (Lobha), hatred (Dosa) and delusion (Moha). Regarding the concept of social conflict and resolution in moderation (mattaññutā), the kusala-kammapatha emphasizes internal and external conflict resolution with reference to all kinds of actions by positive side through bodily (kāya), verbal, (vācā), and mental (mano) actions into the person, family, society and government. 2. The focal point of the moderation principle (mattaññutā) towards social conflict resolution considered through the fundamental level of principle, the ethics of middle level and the ethics of the higher level of principle which are synthesized as the theory of conflict resolution in moderation (mattaññutā). It shows that whenever one practices in accordance with the rule of right actions under the morality (Sīla), developing a quality of mind (Samādhi) and the knowledge or wisdom (Paññā) with the right moderation (mattaññutā). With this regards, resolving social conflict with the principle of moderation (mattaññutā) is to abolish ignorance and know the conflict resolution method leading by internal and external process into the both formal and informal process. This is the distinctive study of Buddhist principle moderation for social conflict resolution. 3. The integration of social conflict resolution with the principle of moderation developed with the methods of research and mechanism tools and studied of social conflict resolution from the Buddhist perspective highly presented by train and tame one’s behavior under the rules of laws, regulations, morality and social norm. Integration of social conflict resolution with the co-conference, co-operation, co-responsibility, co-investigation, co-carefulness, co-earnestness, co-thinking and co-understanding, have a friendship, help, suggestion, adjustment, forewarning, neutrality, justice, creative thinking and knowledge-building as the approach strategy, including speaking and action in the right way, non-selfishness, protection the mistakes, heedfulness, good spirit, meditation, non-attachment, forgiveness and causality as the protect strategy. This is the method of social conflict resolution adopted the analysis approach through integration with the principle of moderation and to apply suitable way that fosters the social awareness. 4. The result of integration of the guideline and body of knowledge on the model of social conflict resolution with the principle of moderation is called, “CRSA”. The role model of moderation (mattaññutā) for social conflict resolution was developed by the integrated moral principles, dhamma, regulations and laws with holding moral consciousness perfectly as well as cultivation inner and outer peace emphasizing good conduct in deeds, speeches and thoughts. This is the body of knowledge on the model of social conflict resolution integrated with the principle of moderation (mattaññutā) of CRSA; C = Controlling self/personal, R = Responding family, S = Sharing society and A = Adjusting government.